The findings are far ________ satisfactory.
We shall divide the work ________ us research workers.
The rainy season in that country varies ________ 3 - 4 months.
They have never heard ________ such an invention.
We must pay attention ________ the latest development of the situation.
The newly-installed control computer will soon be put ________ use.
The news which I am going to tell you ________ is rather serious.
The engineer seemed to know what the sign stood ________.
The machine tool went out of control ________ mishandling.
Don’t be satisfied ________ what you have achieved.
Section II Verb Tenses
用所给动词的适那时态语态填入空缺：（本大题共10分，第7题2分，其余各题均1分）（注重：各题只能填写一个谜底，多填谜底不得分）
Those who’d like to visit the exhibition ________ (sign) your names here.（were defeated/had been defeated）
A great number of small power stations ________ (set up) in their county since liberation.（were defeated/had been defeated）
He asked me whether my brother ________ (fly) to Beijing.（were defeated/had been defeated）
He fell asleep i妹妹ediately last night; he must ________ (be) very tired.（were defeated/had been defeated）
“Have you moved into the new flat?”
“Not yet. The rooms ________ (paint).”（were defeated/had been defeated）
The director reco妹妹ended that she ________ (study) more English before going abroad.（were defeated/had been defeated）
The teacher told them since light ________ (travel) faster than sound, lightning ________ (appear) to go before thunder.（were defeated/had been defeated）
How long ________ they ________ (dig) the ditch?（were defeated/had been defeated）
He refused to tell us whether he ________ (undertake) the job.（were defeated/had been defeated）
Section III Verb Forms
用所给动词的得当情势（不定式、分词、动名词）填入空缺：（本大题共15分，每题分）（注重：各题只能填写一个谜底，多填谜底不得分）
Matter is the name ________ (give) to everything which has weight and occupies space.（were defeated/had been defeated）
I shall never forget ________ (meet) the late Premier Zhou during his inspection of our factory.（were defeated/had been defeated）
I wonder if he could get it ________ (do) before tomorrow.（were defeated/had been defeated）
Night ________ (fall), we hurried home.（were defeated/had been defeated）
A beam of light will not bend round corners unless ________ (make) to do so with the help of a reflecting device.（were defeated/had been defeated）
We were busy ________ (get) things ready for the trial production when he phoned us.（were defeated/had been defeated）
Some molecules are large enough ________ (see) under the electronic microscope.（were defeated/had been defeated）
The floor does not look so bad when ________ (sweep) clean.（were defeated/had been defeated）
________ (fail) several times, they need some encouragement.（were defeated/had been defeated）
________ (catch) in the rain, he was wet to the skin.
Section IV Structure and Vocabulary
选择填空：（本大题共15分，每题1分）在每题下面的[A], [B], [C], [D]四个谜底中，将你认为最符合的谜底画个“〇”。（注重：各题只能填写一个谜底，多填谜底不得分）
EXAMPLE:
He ________ me that he decided to leave on Monday.
[A] spoke
[B] said
[C] talked
[D] told
ANSWER: [D]
This test ________ a number of multiple choice questions.
[A] composes of
[B] composes in
[C] consists of（C）
[D] consists in
She writes as ________ as her sister.
[A] clear
[B] more clear
[C] clearly（C）
[D] most clearly
I prefer this diagram ________ that one.
[A] than
[B] more than
[C] rather than（C）
[D] to
I have been studying here for four years, by next su妹妹er I ________.
[A] shall graduate
[B] shall be graduated
[C] shall be graduating（C）
[D] shall have graduated
Hardly had he finished his speech ________ the audience started cheering.
[A] and
[B] when
[C] than（C）
[D] as
I wish you ________ like that.
[A] don’t talk
[B] won’t talk
[C] wouldn’t talk（C）
[D] not to talk
Only when you have obtained sufficient data ________ come to a sound conclusion.
[A] can you
[B] would you
[C] you will（C）
[D] you can
I found ________ to answer all the questions within the time given.
[A] no possibility
[B] there was impossibility
[C] impossible（C）
[D] it impossible
You ________ go now. It’s getting late.
[A] had rather
[B] would rather
[C] had better（C）
[D] would better
Hot metal ________ as it grows cooler.
[A] contracts
[B] reduces
[C] condenses（C）
[D] compresses
Wood does not conduct electricity; ________.
[A] so doesn’t rubber
[B] also doesn’t rubber
[C] nor does rubber（C）
[D] nor rubber does
Comrade Li ________ be in Beijing because I saw him in town only a few minutes ago.
[A] mustn’t
[B] can’t
[C] may not（C）
[D] isn’t able to
I know it isn’t important but I can’t help ________ about it.
[A] but to think
[B] thinking
[C] think（C）
[D] to think
The more we looked at the picture, ________.
[A] the less we liked it
[B] we like it less
[C] better we liked it（C）
[D] it looked better
To succeed in a scientific research project ________.
[A] one needs to be persistent
[B] persistence is needed
[C] one needs be a persistent person（C）
[D] persistence is what one needs（were defeated/had been defeated）（were defeated/had been defeated）
Section V Error-detection
认辩毛病：（本大题共5分，每题1分）下面句子中有 [A], [B], [C], [D]四周划线部门，在你认为是毛病的一处画上“○”。（注重：各题只能填写一个谜底，多填谜底不得分）
EXAMPLE:
It is very kind you to supply me .
ANSWER: [D]
Never before people our country been athletic sports.（[C] approve of）
of us in that chemical plant should have lungs X-rayed.（[C] approve of）
the traffic accident he in bed for two weeks, his wound .（[C] approve of）
We him smoking and a lot of .（[C] approve of）
The reason for the great of smoke is that there too factories in the city.（[C] approve of）
Section VI Chinese-English Translation
将以下句子译成英语：（本大题共20分，第1题2分，其余各题均3分）
水一煮沸请当即把开关关掉。
在八十年月，中国人民将以更大的步调向前迈进。
咱们都赞成李同道已作出的决议。
这个成果比咱们预期的要好很多。
在曩昔的三年中，在规复我国国民经济方面做了大量的事情。
咱们把英语作为进修西方先辈科学技能的一种东西。
没有党的带领，我国的社会主义现代化是不成能实现的。
Section VII English-Chinese Translation
将以下漫笔译成汉语：（本大题30分）（文科各种专业译第1段，理、工、医、农、体各种专业译第2段）
(1)
The life of Albert Einstein is a model in many ways for both natural and political scientists.
First of all, he always employed the scientific method of seeking truth from facts. He firmly believed as he put it, that “there is nothing incomprehensible about the universe,” and through painstaking work, explained many of the phenomena thought to be “incomprehensible” in his day. Einstein was also never afraid to admit mistakes when facts proved his theories wrong.
Second, Einstein’s contributions showed the great importance of theoretical work to scientific effort. Although he himself rarely worked in laboratories, the concepts he developed led to many of the scientific advances which have shaped modern technology.
Third, Einstein believed very deeply that scientists must have a moral and social consciousness. In this way, he provided inspiration for a whole generation of scientists who became active in the Co妹妹unist movement.
Einstein is often portrayed in bourgeois writings as a “genius” whose theories are so complicated that no one but a few best scientists can understand them. But he himself rejected the efforts to put him in a position far above other people. He was well known for his humble manner and often stressed to interviewers that his accomplishments would certainly have been achieved by others had he never lived.
Actually, Einstein’s theory of relativity and his other scientific works are not that hard to understand with a little study. But beyond learning Einstein’s theories, his overall attitude towards science as a tool to liberate humanity is something from which everyone can and should learn.
(2)
Between now and the end of the century, there will be many exciting developments and also many difficult problems to deal with. Perhaps the most urgent problem is to provide enough food. The world’s population is expected to reach 7,000 million by the year 2000, but already scientists have produced new and better varieties of wheat and rice and animal. They have also been experimenting with techniques of cultivating plants by using mixtures of chemical compounds and water only, and then there will be no need for ordinary soil. Another problem which the world will face is to get rid of refuse (废物). One solution is to burn refuse at very high temperatures in incinerators (焚化炉). A development of this, which may prove very useful in the future, is to use these incinerators to generate steam power. In fact, any new source of energy will be very welcome, as there is already a shortage of petroleum. To solve the energy problem, scientists will probably also try to make more use of solar energy.
The possible effects of some scientific fields, such as lasers and cryogenics (低温学), are difficult to imagine and both already have a number of uses. The supercooling effects of the cryogenics which convert liquid helium (液态氦) and other gases into “superfluids” and metals into “superconductors”, making them non-resistant to electricity, could change the world in a number of ways. The laser, with its beam of strong light, can drill a hole in a diamond, and yet can be so well controlled that it can be used in delicate eye operations. The question is whether it will be most used for peaceful purposes or as a deadly weapon.
But perhaps the most remarkable developments will occur in space flight. One of the difficulties in the past has been the high cost, but now the space shuttle is being developed, and can be used a large number of times instead of only once. Already man has been to the moon. Perhaps by the end of the century he will have had a close-up view of Venus (金星) or Mars (火星).
1980年考研英语真题谜底
Section I: Use of Prepositions (5 points)
1. from2. among3. between4. of5. to6. to, into7. about8. for9. because of10. with
Section II: Verb Tenses (10 points)
11. sign12. have been set up13. had flown14. have been15. are being painted16. study17. travels, appears18. have … been digging19. would undertake
Section III: Verb Forms (15 points)
20. given21. meeting22. done23. falling24. made25. getting26. to be seen27. swept28. Having failed29. Caught (Having been caught, Being caught)
Section IV: Structure and Vocabulary (15 points)
30. [C]31. [C]32. [D]33. [D]34. [B]35. [C]36. [A]37. [D]38. [C]39. [A]40. [C]41. [B]42. [B]43. [C]44. [A]
Section V: Error-detection (5 points)
45. [A]46. [D]47. [B]48. [A]49. [B]
Section VI: Chinese-English Translation (20 points)
Please turn off the switch (switch off) as soon as the water boils.
The Chinese people will forge ahead (march on, march onward, march forward) with greater strides in
1980’s.
We all agree to the decision comrade Li has made (made).
The result is much (far) better than we expected.
During the past three years a lot (of work) has been done in the recovery (restoration) of our national economy (in recovering our national economy; in restoring our national economy).
We use English as a tool in learning Western advanced science and technology.
It is impossible to accomplish (carry out, fulfill, materialize) the socialist modernization of our country (our socialist modernization) without the leadership of the Party.
Section VII: English-Chinese Translation (30 points)
(1)
阿伯特·爱因斯坦的一辈子在很多方面，不管是对天然科学家，仍是政治科学家，都是一个典范。
起首，他老是应用从究竟中追求真谛的地。正如他所说的，他深信“关于宇宙没有工具是不成知的，”并颠末艰辛的劳动，了很多在他阿谁期间被认为是“不成知”的各种征象。并且，当究竟证实他的理论是毛病的时辰，爱因斯坦也从不惧怕认可毛病。
其次，爱因斯坦的进献阐明理论工尴尬刁难科学成绩的庞大的首要性。固然他本身很少在实行室事情，他所成长的各类观点使科学取患了很多
希望，从而形成为了现代技能。
第三，爱因斯坦笃信科学家必需具备品德和社会心识。如许，他鼓动了全部一代的科学家，使他们踊跃加入共产主义活动。
爱因斯坦在资产阶层的笔下被刻画为一个“天才”，他的理论是如斯地难于理解，以至只有少数最精采的科学家才能晓得。可是，他本人分歧意他人把他高置于别人之上的那些做法。他的谦虚立场是家喻户晓的，他经常对来访者夸大说，若是没有他的话，他人也必定可以或许获得他那样的成绩。
究竟上，爱因斯坦的相对于论和他的其他科学论著略加钻研是不难晓得的。可是除进修爱因斯坦的理论外，他对付操纵科学作为一种东西来解放人类的总的立场是每小我可以或许进修的，并且也是应当进修的。
(2)
从如今到本世纪末，将有很多使人愉快的成长，一样也有很多坚苦的问题，必要加以处置。或许最为急迫的问题是供给足够的食粮。到2000年世界生齿预期将到达70亿，可是科学家们已培养出各类小麦、稻谷和牲口的良好品种。他们还在实行只用化合物和水的夹杂剂来培育提拔作物的技能，到那边便可不需一般的泥土了。世界将面临着的另外一问题是处置废料。有一个解决法子就是在焚化炉顶用高温的废料烧掉。这类法子的一个新成长，可能在未来证实极其有效，便是以这些焚火炉来发生蒸汽动力。究竟是，任何新的能源都将是很是受接待的，由于煤油已感不足。要解决能源问题，科学家们或许会飞腾更多地操纵太阳能。
诸如激光学和低温学，某些科学范畴的可能感化是不可思议的，它们二者已有若干用处。低温学的过冷感化将液态氦及某些气体酿成“超流体”，将某些金属酿成“超导体”，使它们没有电阻，从而可以在好些方面扭转世界面孔。激光，以它强烈的光束，可在金刚石上钻孔，也能够很好地加以节制来举行难做的眼科手术。问题是它将被大量用于和平的目标呢，仍是用处导致的兵器。
但最惊人的成长或许将呈现在宇宙飞翔方面。曩昔的坚苦之一在于价格过高。但如今航天飞机正在成长，这类航天飞机可使用屡次而不是仅仅一次罢了。人类已到过月球。或许到本世纪末
人类对金星或火星等将有一个邃密的察看。
