考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(十六)



Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War II and later laid the roots

Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the “great game” of espionage-spying as a “profession。” These days the Net, which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan's vocation as well。

The latest revolution isn't simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemen’s e-mail. That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades. In the past three or four years, the World Wide Web has given birth to a whole industry of point-and-click spying. The spooks call it “open-source intelligence,” and as the Net grows, it is becoming increasingly influential. In 1995 the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi. The winner, by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia company called Open-Source Solutions,whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world。

Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is Straitford, Inc., a private intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas. Straitford makes money by selling the results of spying (covering nations from Chile to Russia) to corporations like energy-services firm McDermott International. Many of its predictions are available online at www.straitford.com。

Straitford president George Friedman says he sees the online world as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution, a spymaster's dream. Last week his firm was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far corners of the world and predicting a crisis in Ukraine。“As soon as that report runs, we'll suddenly get 500 new Internet sign-ups from Ukraine,” says Friedman, a former political science professor. “And we'll hear back from some of them。” Open-source spying does have its risks, of course, since it can be difficult to tell good information from bad. That’s where Straitford earns its keep。

Friedman relies on a lean staff of 20 in Austin. Several of his staff members have military-intelligence backgrounds. He sees the firm's outsider status as the key to its success. Straitford's briefs don't sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be wrong. Straitford, says Friedman, takes pride in its independent voice。

21. The emergence of the Net has --

[A] received support from fans like Donovan。

[B] remolded the intelligence services.

[C] restored many co妹妹on pastimes。

[D] revived spying as a profession。

22. Donovan's story is mentioned in the text to

[A] introduce the topic of online spying。

[B] show how he fought for the U.S。

[C] give an episode of the information war。

[D] honor his unique services to the CIA。

23. The phrase “making the biggest splash” (Line 1, Paragraph 3)most probably means

[A] causing the biggest trouble。

[B] exerting the greatest effort。

[C] achieving the greatest success。

[D] enjoying the widest popularity。

24. It can be learned from paragraph 4 that

[A] Straitford's prediction about Ukraine has proved true.

[B] Straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information.

[C] Straitford's business is characterized by unpredictability.

[D] Straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information。

25. Straitford is most proud of its

[A] official status.

[B] nonconformist image。

[C] efficient staff.

[D] military background。

名师解析

21. The emergence of the Net has 收集的呈现已

[A] received support from fans like Donovan. 获得了多诺文如许的快乐喜爱者的支撑。

[B] remolded the intelligence services. 从新塑造了谍报业。

[C] restored many co妹妹on pastimes. 规复了很多常见的文娱勾当。

[D] revived spying as a profession. 使谍报业成为一个职业。

【谜底】 B

【考点】 究竟细节题。

【阐发】 第一段最后一句话“These days the Net, which has remade such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail,is reshaping Donovan’s vocation as well。”从上文中咱们已得悉“Donovan’s vocation”指的就是“spying”(特务),也就是“intelligence services”(谍报行业)。关头在于对“reshape”一词的理解,它的寄义是“从新塑造”。[B]实在就是原文的另外一种表述方法。“remold”就是“reshape”的意思,都暗示“从新塑造,革新”。滋扰项“revive”的意思是“(使)复苏, (使)回复, (使)新生, (使)再见效, 回忆”,言下之意是将某同样已衰亡或已很懦弱的工具从新新生或回复。而第一段并无提到特务行业曾消散的信息,从第二段中咱们领会到互联网鞭策了谍报行业的成长,也没有找到任何干于谍报行业曾间断的内容,以是[D]的说法是不准确的。[C]“restore”的寄义是“使规复, 使复兴


”,言下之意是将本来不完备的或破裂的工具给回复复兴。原文中没有提到。[A]的毛病在于对第一句话的误读。“would have loved”暗示虚拟语气,是对那时环境的一种假如,而这类假如的环境在那时是不存在的。这句话的真实意思是:若是“猖獗的Bill Donovan还活着的话,他会爱上互联网的”。可见“Donovan”活着的时辰并无互联网,以是[A]将“Donovan”说成是“互联网的快乐喜爱者”的说法是毛病的。

22. Donovan’s story is mentioned in the text to 本文提到多诺文的故事是为了

[A] introduce the topic of online spying. 引出收集特务这个话题。

[B] show how he fought for the U.S.. 显示多诺文如作甚美国效劳的。

[C] give an episode of the information war. 供给谍报战的一个片段。

[D] honor his unique services to the CIA. 表扬他为中情局所作的怪异进献。

【谜底】 A

【考点】 作者用意题。

【阐发】 本文提到比尔·多诺文只有第一段,而文章的中间思惟讲的是“谍报事情”和“互联网”的瓜葛,和“谍报事情”在收集期间的庞大变革等等。由此不丢脸出,多诺文作为一个特务只是为文章开展会商条件供了一个引子,是以[A]为准确谜底。

23. The phrase“making the biggest splash”(Line 1, Paragraph 3) most probably means

短语“making the biggest splash”(第三段第一行)的意思颇有多是

[A] causing the biggest trouble. 造成最大的贫苦。

[B] exerting the greatest effort. 支出最大的尽力。

[C] achieving the greatest


success. 获得最大的乐成。

[D] enjoying the widest popularity. 遭到最遍及的接待。

【谜底】 C

【考点】 词义题。

【阐发】 考生应当可以或许按照上下文对“make a splash”这个短语举行公道的推理。在中情局举行的一次角逐中“Straitford”公司获胜了,被认为是“make a splash”,是以可见这里的逻辑很清晰,即“乐成”和“make a splash”的意思是很是靠近的。由此可以揣度出[C]是准确的。

24. It can be learned from paragraph 4 that 从第四段中咱们可以得悉

[A] Straitford’s prediction about Ukraine has proved true。

Straitford公司关于乌克兰的展望被证实是准确的。

[B] Straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information.

Straitford公司担保它供给的信息的真实性。

[C] Straitford’s business is characterized by unpredictability。

Straitford公司的谋划的一个特色是不成展望性。

[D] Straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information.

Straitford公司可以或许供给至关靠得住的信息。

【谜底】 D

【考点】 揣度题。

【阐发】 第四段首句指出“该公司的总裁乔治·弗莱德曼说,他把收集世界视为谍报采集和谍报公布二者之间互相加强的东西,这就是特务们的空想。上周,他的公司正在采集从远活着界的另外一角落传来的零星的信息,展望在乌克兰将产生一场危机。弗莱德曼之前是政治科学传授,他说:‘一旦这个报导颁布,咱们将从乌克兰忽然新增500个注册用户,咱们将听到此中一些人的回应。’固然开放源的特务勾当简直有它的危


害,由于很难区别准确与毛病的信息。这恰是Straitford公司挣钱的处所。”[A]的说法没有按照,由于文中只说了“Straitford”公司作出了关于乌克兰场面地步的展望,并无信息阐明预言是不是成真。[B]的说法与原辞意思有些不符。第四段最后一句说“开放源的特务勾当简直有它的危害,由于很难区别准确与毛病的信息。Straitford公司就是靠分辨真伪谍报赚钱的”。从中考生可以晓得“Straitford”公司能供给至关靠得住的谍报,但没有包管谍报百分之百正确。[C]说的是“Straitford”公司买卖的特色是“不成展望性”,这类说法在文中也找不到按照。[D]的说法比力中立,并且也合适原文的意思。

25. Straitford is most proud of its Straitford最骄傲的是其

[A] official status. 官方职位地方。

[B] nonconformist image. 自力的形象。

[C] efficient staff. 高效的员工。

[D] military background. 军事布景。

【谜底】 B

【考点】 究竟细节题。

【阐发】 全文最后一句“Straitford公司对其自力的声音感触骄傲”。再浏览上文可以得悉,“Straitford公司具备局外人的职位地方,这是其乐成的关头,由于他们和华盛顿奸细分歧的是,他们可以有自力声音”。而“nonconformist”与“independent”意思附近。以是[B]选项准确。

难句解析:

The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information。

【布局阐发】 本句的骨干布局是“The American spymaster was fascinated with information。”“who”指导一个具备双谓语的定语从句。

全文翻译:

猖獗的比尔·多诺文必定会爱上彀络的。这位曾在第二次世界大战时创建了计谋事件办公室,厥后又为中心谍报局的建立打下了根本的美国特务大王对谍报很沉迷。他深信在特务这个职业这个“大游戏”中可使用任何手腕。现在,收集已扭转了买书和寄信如许的平常乐事,也正在从新塑造多诺文曾从事的这个职业。

近来的此次革命性的扭转不但仅是一小我偷看此外一小我的电子邮件的问题。这类电子特务勾当已延续了数十年。在曩昔的3、四年中,国际互联网已制造出一个 靠“点击”来举行特务勾当的完备的财产。特务们把它称为“开放源谍报”。并且跟着互联网的发展,如许的谍报变得愈来愈有影响力。1995年,中心谍报局举行了一个比赛,看谁可以或许采集到有关“布隆迪”的至多信息。弗吉尼亚的一家名为“开放源解决方案”的小公司大幅胜出,它的显著上风是它对电子世界的掌控。

在这个极新的电子世界中最引发颤动的是一家叫Stratford的公司,它是得克萨斯州奥斯汀市的一个私营的谍报阐发公司。该公司赚钱的门路是将侦查全世界各个国度的谍报贩卖给象能源公司“麦克德莫国际”如许的公司。它的很多展望在网上均可以查阅,网址www. straitford. com。

该公司的总裁乔治·弗莱德曼说,他把收集世界视为谍报采集和谍报公布二者之间互相加强的东西,这就是特务们的空想。上周,他的公司正在采集从远活着界的另外一角落传来的零星的信息,展望在乌克兰将产生一场危机。弗莱德曼之前是政治科学传授,他说:“一旦这个报导颁布,咱们将在乌克兰忽然新增500个注册用户,咱们将听到此中一些人的回应。”固然开放源的特务勾当简直有它的危害,由于很难区别准确与毛病的信息。这恰是Stratford公司挣钱的处所。

弗莱德曼靠的只是在奥斯汀市的为数未几的雇员。此中的一些有军事谍报事情布景。他把公司的“局外人”职位地方视为它乐成的关头。Stratford公司的简报听上去不像华盛顿政府经常供给的套话,当局机构常常防止公布戏剧化的谈吐,由于这些谈吐可能犯错。弗莱德曼说,Stratford公司为其自力的声音而感触骄傲。

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