William Blake (1757-1827)（威廉·布莱克）
1 Life（生平）
William Blake, born on 28 November 1757, was the son of a London hosier. As a British poet, painter and engraver, Blake proclaimed the supremacy of the imagination over the rationalism and materialism of the 18th century. Among Blake’s later artistic works are drawings and engravings for Dante’s Divine Comedy and the 21 illustrations to the book of Job. In 1827, Blake died in obscurity and poverty. Though generally dismissed as an eccentric during his lifetime, posterity rediscovered Blake and today he is highly rated both as a poet and artist.
威廉·布莱克生于1757年11月28日，是伦敦一袜商之子。作为英国诗人，画家和雕刻家，布莱克宣称应该将想象放在理性和物质主义之上。他的晚年作品包括关于但丁《神曲》的绘画和雕刻以及《约伯书》的21幅插图。1827年布莱克在默默无闻和贫困交加中死去。虽然一生得不到同时代人的理解和认可，布莱克的才华得到后世子孙的承认。
2 Major Works of Blake（布莱克主要作品）
Poetical Sketches (1783)《诗歌素描》
Song of Innocence (1789)《天真之歌》
Song of Experience (1794)《经验之歌》
The Marriage of Heaven and Hell (1790)《天堂与地狱的婚姻》
Milton (1804-1808)《弥尔顿》
Jerusalem (1804-1820)《耶路撒冷》
3 Selected Works（选读作品）
◆London《伦敦》
In 1794, London was published in poetry anthology Song of Experience. When the European reactionary rulers intervened the French Revolution, Black wrote this poem. His thought was progressive and expressed the discontent of the English ruling class and sympathy for the revolution and the working people.
《伦敦》一诗见于一七九四年出版的诗集《经验之歌》。布莱克写这首诗时正是欧洲反动统治者出兵干涉法国革命之际。他思想进步，在作品中表达了对英国统治阶级的不满以及对革命、对劳动人
民的同情。
◆ The Tiger《虎》
The Tiger is a poem of Black’s famous poem, included in “Song of Experience”, which has always caused critics’ attention. Black’s poems often use symbolism. The symbol of the tiger has much controversy. Some people think that it has mystical religious color, praising the creator for creating all things and gaining enormous power over life; some people say that the tiger symbolizes human strength; also some people regard the tiger as a symbol of revolutionary forces and believe that this poem reflects the progress of Black’s thoughts.
《虎》一诗是布莱克著名的短诗，收入《经验之歌》，历来受到批评家的重视。布莱克的诗往往喜欢运用象征手法。老虎究竟象征什么，争议颇多。有人认为具有神秘的宗教色彩，歌颂造物主创造万物、支配生命的巨大威力；有人说作者以老虎的神态象征人的力量；也有人把老虎解释为象征革命力量，认为这首诗反映了布莱克的进步思想。
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