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Across several studies involving hundreds of participants, Obeng and her coauthors found that customers perceive point-of-sale solicitations as a violation of their social contract with the retailer—a contract built on the principle of reciprocity, whereby the two parties equally contribute to and benefit from the exchange.
在触及数百名介入者的几项钻研中，奥本和她的合著者发明，主顾认为零售点请求捐献的举动违背了他们与零售商之间的社会左券——一种创建在互惠原则根本上的左券，即两边在买卖中
同等地支出和受益。
《本期内容》
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导读
丹尼尔·萨斯坎德曾在与父亲理查德合著的《专业人士的将来》中谈到呆板人替换人类事情的问题。这本书偏重会商呆板进修对大夫和状师等职业的威逼。他的新书视角遍及很多，探究了主动化对经济和社会总体的影响。
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双语浏览
In the 21st century the concerns have switched to robots andartificial intelligence(AI); 30% of American workers believe their jobs are likely to be replaced by robots and computers in their lifetime.
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21世纪，人们的关怀点已转向了呆板人和人工智能（AI）；30%的美国工人认为本身有生之年极可能会被呆板人和计较机代替。
In the past the relationship between machine and human labour has been driven by two factors: the substituting effect, which caused people to lose jobs, and the complementing effect, which allowed employees to do their work more productively. The author worries that, in the future, the substituting effect will dominate.
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曩昔，呆板和人类劳动力之间的瓜葛由两个身分驱动：一是致使人们赋闲的替换效应，一是让员工提高效力的互补效应。作者担忧，在将来，替换效应将占主导。
Advancesin AI have been so rapid that machines will eventually be better than people at most activities, he says, and so will be the “defaultchoice” for performing them. A few highly paid humans will still be employed, but the rest will either struggle to find work or fall into the “precariat”, stuck in jobs that are not just poorly paid but unstable and stressful.
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他认为，人工智能的前进如斯之快，以致于呆板终极将在大大都勾当上都优于人类，是以利用人工智能将是“默许选择”。少数高收入人群依然会有事情，但其余的人要末很难找到事情，要末沦为“岌岌可危族”，困在薪水低、不不乱、压力大的岗亭上。
This gloomy view of the impact of technology is plausible. But so is a more optimistic outlook, as the economist Roger Bootle showed in “The AI Economy: Work, Wealth and Welfare in the Robot Age”, published last year. Mr Bootle argued that AI and robotics would improve productivity and economic growth, andreleasepeoplefromperforming the mosthumdrumtasks. As for employment, there will always be demand for services with the human touch, just as there is an appetite for “artisanal” loaves as well as sliced white bread.
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翻译划线句，长按文末小步伐码举行打卡，谜底下期颁布~布特尔认为，人工智能和呆板人技能将提高出产率和刺激经济增加，并把人们从最单调的事情中解放出来。至于就业问题，人们对人道化办事的需求老是存在的，就像除吃切片方包，他们也要吃“手工”面包。
Which of these visions is right? Recent history has notvindicatedeither the optimists or the pessimists. Employment has surged in both America and Britain, suggesting that technology has not led to widespread labour replacement.
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那末，各种展望中哪一个是准确的呢？近期的汗青并无证实乐观主义者和灰心主义者孰是孰非。美国和英国的就业都在激增，这表白技能尚未致使遍及的劳动力替换。
本文节选自：The Economist（经济学人）
公布时候：2020.02
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辞汇堆集
1.advance
英 [dvns] 美 [dvns]
n. 预先、提早（在...产生以前）、成长、进步（尤指兵士）、预支款、（代价、价值的）上涨（尤指证券买卖）、求爱、挑逗
vi. 进步（尤指兵士）、使...希望、（代价、价值）上涨（尤指证券买卖）、把（钟表）拨快
vt. 提早、提前、预付
adj. 预先的、先行的
2.default
英 [dflt] 美 [dflt]
n. 债务违约、拖欠、（计较机、软件等的）体系默许状况、通例做法
vi. 债务违约、拖欠、默许、预设、因未参加而取缔...参赛资历
3.precariat
英 /precariat/ 美 /precariat/
n. 岌岌可危族、危难工人、无产阶层
4.humdrum
英 [hmdrm] 美 [hmdrm]
adj. 单调的、乏味的
5.vindicate
英 [vndket] 美 [vndket]
vt. 证实...无辜（无罪）、保护、辨明、证实...准确
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词组搭配
1.artificial intelligence 人工智能
2.release ... from 消除、宽免、开释
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写作句总结
In the 21st century the concerns have switched to robots and artificial intelligence (AI); 30% of American workers believe their jobs are likely to be replaced by robots and computers in their lifetime.
布局:The concerns have switched to...
人们的关怀点已转向了...
例句:The concerns have switched to the development of vaccine.
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