历年考研英语一真题解析:2021年英语一阅读理解26-30答案
last year marked the third year in a row of that indonesia’s bleak rate of
deforestation has slowed in pace. one reason for the turnaround may be the
countrys antipoverty program.
in 2007, indonesia started phasing in program that gives money to its
poorest residents under certain conditions, such as requiring people to keep
kids in school or get regular medical care. called conditional cash transfers or
ccts, these social assistance programs are designed to reduce inequality and
break the cycle of poverty. theyre already used in dozens of countries
worldwide. in indonesia, the program has provided enough food and medicine to
substantially reduce severe growth problems among children.
but cct programs dont generally consider effects on the environment. in
fact, poverty alleviation and environmental protection are often viewed as
conflicting goals, says paul ferraro, an economist at johns hopkins
university.
thatt prove cause and effect. the
only previous study analyzing causality, based on an area in mexico that had
instituted ccts, supported the traditional view. there, as people got more
money, some of them may have more cleared land for cattle to raise for meat,
ferraro says.
such programs do not have to negatively affect the environment, though.
ferraro wanted to see if indonesias poverty-alleviation program was affecting
deforestation. indonesia has the third-largest area of tropical forest in the
world and one of the highest deforestation rates.
ferraro analyzed satellite data showing annual forest loss from 2008 to
2012-including during indonesia ferraro says.
thats likely because the rural poor are using the money as makeshift
insurance policies against inclement weather, ferraro says. typically, if rains
are delayed, people may clear land to plant more rice to supplement their
harvests. with the ccts, individuals instead can use the money to supplement
their harvests.
whether this research translates elsewhere is anybodys good for people may also be good
for the value of the avoided deforestation just for carbon dioxide emissions
alone is more than the program costs.
26.【题干】according to the first two paragraphs, cct programs aim to_____.
【选项】
a.facilitate health care reform.
b.help poor families get better off.
c.improve local education systems.
d.lower deforestation rates.
【答案】b
27.【题干】the study based on an area in mexico is cited to show that_____.
【选项】
a.cattle rearing has been a major means of livelihood for the poor.
b.cct programs have he helped preserve traditional lifestyles.
c.antipoverty efforts require the participation of local farmers.
d.economic growth tends to cause environmental degradation.
【答案】d
28.【题干】in his study about indonesia, ferraro intends to find out_____.
【选项】
a.its acceptance level of ccts.
b.its annual rate of poverty alleviation.
c.the relation of ccts to its forest loss.
d.the role of its forests in climate change.
【答案】c
29.【题干】according to ferraro, the cct program in indonesia is most valuable
in that_____.
【选项】
a.it will benefit other asian countries.
b.it will reduce regional inequality.
c.it can protect the environment.
d.it can boost grain production.
【答案】c
30.【题干】what is the text centered on?
【选项】
a.the effects of a program.
b.the debates over a program.
c.the process of a study
.
d.the transferability of a study.
【答案】a
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