22考研外刊阅读《科学美国人》双语精读版训练--疾病也有种族之分...



IceNet, a sea ice forecasting system developed by the British Antarctic Survey, or BAS,is“95 percent accurate in forecasting sea ice two months ahead — higher

IceNet, a sea ice forecasting system developed by the British Antarctic Survey, or BAS,is“95 percent accurate in forecasting sea ice two months ahead — higher than the leading physics-based model SEAS5 — while running 2,000 times faster,” says Tom Andersson, a data scientist with BAS’s Artificial Intelligence lab.

由英国南极查询拜访局开辟的海冰展望体系“冰网”,可以“提早两个月展望


海冰的环境,正确率高达95%——高于基于物理模子的领军技能SEAS5——同时运行速率比它还要快2000倍,”BAS人工智能实行室的数据科学家汤姆·安德森说。

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统一种疾病有时辰也会因人的种族分歧而有所区分。美国钻研职员日前暗示,天天吸一包烟的黑人比白人更易因抽烟而致使灭亡。

双语浏览

Recent analyses by the World Health Organization and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggest an association between smoking and the severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients. These findings further raise the visibility of both racial health disparities in the United States and the importance of quitting smoking, two issues thatintertwinein a way that compounds the risk of poor health outcomes among African American co妹妹unities.

世界卫生组织和美国疾病节制和预防中间近来的阐发表白,抽烟与新冠病毒住院病人的症状紧张水平之间存在联系关系。这些发明进一步引发了对美国种族康健差别和戒烟首要性的存眷,这两个问题交错在一块儿,加重了非裔美国人社区康健状态欠安的危害。

Despite similar rates of smoking prevalence, African Americans have higher mortality rates associated with smoking, including lower cancer survival rates, than white Americans. Moreover, data from a variety ofclinical trial, cross-sectional and population-based studies reliablyconvergeto demonstrate that African Americans are less likely to quit smoking than white Americans even though they are equally motivated to quit and may make more quit attempts.

虽然抽烟率类似,但非裔美国人与抽烟有关的灭亡率高于白人,癌症存活率也更低。翻译划线句,长按文末小步伐码打卡,谜底下期颁布~

It is important to recognize that racial disparities in smokingcessationoccur in the context of more significant cultural issues and reflects the mistrust that many Black Americans have for the medical system. This mistrust is primarily a consequence of the medical co妹妹unity’s historical bias toward addressing white Americans' health needs, often at the expense of Black Americans’ health and well-being.

首要的是要熟悉到,戒烟存在的种族差别产生在愈发凸起的文化问题的布景之下,同时也反应出很多美国黑人对医疗体系的不信赖。这类不信赖主如果因为医疗行业从来更方向于解决美国白人的康健问题,而常常以捐躯美国黑人的康健和福祉为价格。

This bias isreflected inthe lack of diversity in clinical trials and the medical system's failure to address health needs that are more prevalent and cause more deaths in Black co妹妹unities, such as tobacco-related cancer mortality.

这类成见反应在临床实验中缺少多样性,和医疗体系未能知足黑人社区中更加广泛并致使更多灭亡的康健需求,如与卷烟有关的癌症灭亡率。

This lack of trust, access, and socioeconomic factors can drive Black smokers to choose less-effectiveover-the-counter(OTC) smoking cessation therapies rather than prescription options. The former allows them to have direct control over their health care choices and does not require a physician's office visit. It is therefore essential to develop culturally


tailored co妹妹unications and address unique barriers to smoking cessation therapy.

这类缺少信赖、获得医疗资本和社会经济身分会促使黑人抽烟者选择结果较差的非处方戒烟疗法,而不是选择处方药。前者使他们可以或许直接节制本身的医疗方案,并且不必要去诊疗室看大夫。是以,必需制订合适文化布景的沟通方法,解决他们在戒烟医治方面存在的特别停滞。

本文节选自:Scientific American(科学美国人)

公布时候:2021.08.27

辞汇堆集

1.intertwine

英 /?nt?'twa?n/美/??nt?'twa?n/

vt. & vi. 缠结在一块儿

2.converge

英/k?n'v??d?/美/k?n'v?d?/

vi. (线条、活动的物体等)会于一点, 向一点汇合

(趋于)@类%17P6z%似或不%Y196s%异@

3.cessation

英 /se'se??(?)n/美/s?'se??n/

n. (临时)遏制,停止,间断

4.over-the-counter

英/'?uv?e?'kaunt?/美/?ov?e??ka?nt?/

adj. (证券等)欠亨过买卖所直接售给主顾的

词组搭配

1.clinical trial 临床实验;诊治实验

2.be reflected in 反应在

写作句总结

It is important to recognize that racial disparities in smoking cessation occur in the context of more significant cultural issues and reflects the mistrust that many Black Americans have for the medical


system.

布局:It is important to recognize that ...

首要的是要熟悉到...

例句:It is important to recognize that life is a marathon.

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